The Patriot Act Through Congress Essay - 1601 Words

There is no denying the events occurring on September 11, 2001 changed the world as we knew it. Over 3,000 people lost their lives because of them, and countless others were severely impacted as well. These attacks saw immediate changes to the way people traveled to, from and in America. Most importantly, these attacks were deliberate, precisely planned and executed. But by who? Now, before jumping to the automatic assumption that the 9/11 commision report is completely honest and accurate, please continue reading this essay with an open mind as I shed light on the fact that United States government was actually behind the whole thing. Thinking about the government knowing about these attacks and doing nothing about it is sickening. Nobody wants to believe it, and that makes it all the ever more important. The first thing that may come to mind when trying to comprehend this idea is, why would the government want to do something like this anyway? One theory suggests that they needed to push the Patriot Act through congress. The Patriot Act’s title is a ten-letter backronym (USA PATRIOT) which stands for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001. It was signed by former President George W. Bush in October of 2001. Another theory suggests that the United States government needed to justify the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001 and Iraq in 2003. Nothing fires up patriotism like an attack on our ownShow MoreRelatedThe Patriot Act : a Summary Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study: The USA PATRIOT Act One of the most controversial policies to pass legislation within the United States congress with the approval of our president at the time, George W. Bush, was the USA PATRIOT Act. The USA PATRIOT Act is actually a acronym for the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act. This Act reduced the restrictions, which now allowed the law the power to search various electronic communications recordsRead MoreIntroduction of the USA Patriot Act1278 Words   |  5 Pages1. Introduction The USA Patriot Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism) of 2001 was issued on October 26, 2001, by President George W. Bush, with the purpose of providing a response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The act was intended to reform the agenda regarding law enforcement agencies and their limitations. The authorities acknowledged that it was essential for law enforceme nt investigatory tools needed significant improvementRead MoreAfter the September 11th terrorist attack on the World Trade Centre by the Islamic radical group1300 Words   |  6 Pagestwo senators and several news media offices, congress rushed to pass the USA Patriot Act, which roughly is an Act to deter and punish acts of terrorism in the United States and around the world, to enhance law enforcement investigatory tools, and for other purposes. After these unrelated terrorist attacks happened within weeks of each other congress knew reform legislature was needed. Many Historians such as Brett Rubio believe that the USA Patriot Act infringed upon American’s civil liberties whileRead MoreSecurity vs. Liberty1116 Words   |  5 Pagesterrorist seeking bill. The Patriot Act was indeed effective in increasing the power allotted to surveillance agencies, but many feel at too high of a cost. Many have asked the questionÂ… is the cure worse than the disease? In order to appr opriately analyze the Patriot Act, it is important to look at its exact stipulations, and how it has been used (misused) at the time of its passage and now. On Oct 24th 2001, the Patriot Act made its first appearance in front of the 107th Congress. In a move towardsRead More Patriot Act Essays1231 Words   |  5 PagesPatriot Act Were dealing with terrorists who operate by highly sophisticated methods and technologies, some of which were not even available when our existing laws were written. The bill before me accounts for the new realities and dangers posed by modern terrorists. It will help law enforcement to identify, dismantle, disrupt, and punish terrorists before they strike, (President George W. Bush at signing of Patriot Act, 2001). The terrorists of today cannot be reasoned with. We must doRead MoreThe Patriot Act, By George W. Bush Signed The Uniting And Strengthening America Act954 Words   |  4 PagesTHE PATRIOT ACT On October 26, 2001, George W. Bush signed the Uniting and Strengthening America Act by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, better known as the Patriot Act, into law (â€Å"USA Patriot Act†). This act gave the National Security Agency and the US Department of justice the power to monitor domestic and international electronic communications. The goal of the act was to give federal and local agencies the power to monitor communications inRead MoreThe Patriot Act And The United States1376 Words   |  6 Pagesanything like this from happening again. Consequently, an act known as the USA PATRIOT act was passed by Congress. This act opened up many doors previously closed to law enforcement and intelligence agencies. With these new opportunities available to them, they have the capability to obtain information about specific individuals believed to be involved in terrorist activities and organizations. Very beneficial to the Un ited States, the Patriot Act provides easier access for different government lawRead MoreThe Freedom Of Privacy Act1078 Words   |  5 PagesThesis Statement: The Freedom of Privacy Act is design to counter and replace the unconstitutional Patriot Act, and return privacy back to our nation. V. Preview briefing: The increase of government intrusion has been on the rise since the Patriot Act was turned into law which have infringed on our constitutional rights, and that the Freedom of Privacy Act if on voted by congress will give us back those rights. We will also be taking any question about the act if there are any. Transition: In orderRead MoreGeorge Bush: Congress and 9/111290 Words   |  6 Pageswield power in times of peril. In this time, saw the role of congress diminish, while on contrary expanding the power of the executive. Following the events of September 11th, 2001, which change the setting of the presidency and congressional relationship.By means of manipulation, deceiving, bypassing congress, and using the crisis of September 11th to greatly expand the power of the executive branch, while diminishing the role of congress. Although the threat of Al-Qaeda is prevalentRead MoreWhere Do You Stand on the Usa Patriot Act?1068 Words   |  5 Pagesthe limits of America s core freedoms. Congress passed the USA Patriot Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism) in 2001 just weeks after the attacks, with the intention of helping law enforcement act more effectively in investigating potential terrorists. However, this act may do more harm than good. Some groups, such as the American Library Association, state that the act infringes on Fourth Amendment rights guaranteed

Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and Anthony...

When African slaves were sold to Americans, they lost their fundamental rights as human beings. However, their inferiority was further cemented when slaves eventually conformed to their white owners. In slavery’s infancy, almost all slaves resisted against their oppressors in one form or another but had limited to no success. These failed resistances eventually led to hopelessness for the slaves as they even began to consider slavery as an accepted practice. Many slaves developed a notion of performing their forced labour more willingly and in turn their owners decreased the beatings and cruelty towards them (â€Å"Slavery in the United States.†) For instance, slaves who displayed respect towards their owners were assigned to perform less†¦show more content†¦An important difference between the books, however, lies in the regimes’ method of oppression. Ms.Ratched’s reign is rooted in stability because she commands her ward with an iron fist and do es not allow any opportunity for an uprising. To compare, in Alex’s society, there is a lack of regulations enforced by the corrupt government’s hired police, which cause the citizens to question the validity of their administration. Both Nurse Ratched and the totalitarian government in A Clockwork Orange utilize technology, in the form inhibiting the brain from functioning on free will, to preserve their own power. To begin, Nurse Ratched, in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, employs electroshock therapy on those who challenge her authority over the hospital. When Randle McMurphy confesses his weakness towards the nurse’s electroshock therapy, Chief relates this struggle to his father’s battle with alcohol: â€Å"‘My father was real big. Every time he put the bottle to his mouth, he don’t suck out of it, it sucks out of him †¦ I’m not saying they killed him. They just worked on him, the way they’re working on you.’† (Kesey 189) In other words, Chief uses the symbol of alcohol to warn McMurphy that, similar to alcoholics after drinking, patients of shock therapy only appear jolly

Viral Hepatitis Essay Sample free essay sample

Viral hepatitis are distinguishable diseases that affects and injures the liver due to the inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ. They are caused by the taint of nutrient or H2O. the pattern of insecure sex. and by the use of soiled panpipes or acerate leafs. There are six known types of hepatitis. but the three which are most common include A-B-and C. as they cause about 90 per centum of ague ( lasts less than six months ) hepatitis instances in Canada. Many people infected by this disease misidentify it for the grippe for its flu-like symptoms. or don’t notice it at all because it’s besides possible to see hepatitis with no symptoms at all. It is a deadly disease. as hepatitis B kills 500. 000 people entirely each twelvemonth. Many people have a complete recovery from this infection. while others unwittingly carry and spread it to other people ( hc-sc. gv. ca ) . The hepatitis A virus ( HAV ) was identified in 1973 and is an acute infective disease of the liver and is most normally passed on by the fecal-oral path by eating or imbibing something that is contaminated. The virus is frequently caused by eating natural or undercooked nutrient. nutrient being handled by people who haven’t washed their custodies. contaminated H2O by animate beings or human waste. or by sexual interaction with person who’s already been infected. There are around 1. 5 million diagnosed instances each twelvemonth. with the incubation period runing from 15-50 yearss. the mean being around 28-30 yearss ( hc-sc. gv. ca ) . Hepatitis A does non hold a chronic phase and does non do liver harm. Prevention from this virus can be by the Hepatitis A inoculation. and holding a good hygiene. The vaccinum has over a 95 % rate against infection. and is given in two doses in the musculus of the upper arm. When the infection has occurred. the immune system generates antibodies against the HAV that protects the hazard of extra infection. Therefore. people who have already recovered from Hepatitis A would non necessitate a vaccinum. as they are now immune to the disease ( wikipedia. com ) . There is no specific intervention for HAV to day of the month. But when infected. the best manner to retrieve is by remainder. a healthy diet. and remaining hydrated. Generally. people infected by this disease make non keep it for life. as the organic structure will seek to contend off the virus of course. Recovery clip from symptoms normally takes topographic point within four to six hebdomads ( webmd. com ) . Hepatitis B ( HBV ) is the most common type of hepatitis in the universe. It is caused by HBV. which taints the liver and causes redness labelled as hepatitis. More than two billion people world-wide have been affected by this virus. which includes three 100 and 50 million chronic instances. A astonishing 1. 5 million people die from hepatitis B each twelvemonth. ( beyonddiscovery. org ) . While hepatitis has been known about for centuries. physicians had merely discovered the cause of the virus in 1963. where they believed it was spread through contact with septic bodily fluids ( silent persons. com ) . HBV is a hepadnavirus. and contains a round genome made up by reasonably double-stranded DNA. The virus would retroflex through RNA by rearward written text. Not merely does the virus occur in the liver. but the disease besides spreads to the blood where the anti-bodies of virus specific proteins are found in septic people ( wikipedia. com ) . Hepatitis is obtained by prosecuting in unprotected sex. injection drug usage. tattoos or piercings with un-sterilized equipment. use of a toothbrush or razor of an affected individual. exposure to blood or bodily fluids of septic people. If a adult female happens to hold hepatitis B. and becomes pregnant. the kid will inherit this disease during birth. although a inoculation for the babe may assist the infection ( webmd. com ) . Merely as hepatitis A. many people do non cognize they have obtained the virus because they have non felt any symptoms. If they happen to hold symptoms. they most probably will misidentify it for the grippe since the indexs are about the same. A blood trial is given to see if the patient has hepatitis B now. or has had it in the base on balls. If liver harm has already occurred from HBV. a biopsy will be needed. Most likely. the hepatitis B will travel off on its ain. If person has chronic hepatitis B. intervention will depend whether the infection is declining and damaging your liver. There are medical specialties for chronic hepatitis B. although most people who have the infection will digest full and normal lives by eating and exerting right. Geting regular medical examinations by the phys ician is besides a must. as the hepatitis might all of a sudden get down assailing at any minute. any clip. Every homo is susceptible to hepatitis B. and it is advised to take a inoculation of three shootings ( such as twinrix ) to forestall the virus. Hepatitis C is a disease infecting the liver. based on the Hepatitis C Virus ( HCV ) . The infection is normally symptomless. but can take to cirrhosis as advanced scarring. which may so turn into liver malignant neoplastic disease. and liver failure ( wikipedia. com ) . The virus was originally called â€Å"non-A non-B hepatitis† because it was known that hepatitis A and B were non the cause of the non-A non B hepatitis. but was so officially changed go hepatitis C in 1989 ( silent persons. com ) . It is spread by the blood of an affected individual. The transportation of blood may be because of shared acerate leafs to shoot illegal drugs. organ graft or blood transfusion before 1992 ( before that twelvemonth hepatitis C was non checked for ) . a shooting. tattoo or piercing by a needle with septic blood still on it. and by a kid that birth was given to by an septic female parent. It is still diffident whether hepatitis C can be inherited through sexual contact. although if p ossible. the opportunities are slender. Symptoms for the hepatitis C virus can travel from nil to the feeling of being really tired. tummy hurting. joint hurting. antsy tegument. sore musculuss. and dark piss. Although there is no vaccinum for hepatitis C. the best manner to protect yourself would be by non sharing acerate leafs. have oning protective baseball mitts and vesture when managing contaminated objects. and doing certain instruments are sterilized before acquiring a tattoo. a piercing. or stylostixis. The bulk of people will detect that they have hepatitis C by accident. normally during a everyday wellness check-up. as physicians will recognize the high degrees on enzymes in their blood. If the physician has a intuition that the patient may hold or hold occurred hepatitis C. a blood trial will be administered. Antibodies will demo up if hep. C has been present earlier. and a 2nd trial will inform the patient that they presently have the virus. If found. a liver biopsy will be administered to observe if any scarring has occurred from the hepatitis. It is besides possible to observe if you have hepatitis C by yourself. where you may travel to a drug shop and purchase a â€Å"Home Access Hepatitis C Check Kit† which will measure if you have the virus or non. Treatment depends on how terrible the hepatitis C is ( webmd. com ) . Generally. unlike hepatitis A and B. moralss has come into inquiry hep. C. With anti-viral interventions now available. members from disadvantaged group s ( chiefly people with psychiatric upsets and captives ) prevent these patients from having intervention. This is chiefly because of clinical. economic. and societal barriers. The research workers Geppert and Arora ( 2005 ) analyzed 5 clinical-ethical statements often presented for restricting patient entree to HCV intervention. which were risk/benefit balance. justness. conformity. cost-effectiveness. and favoritism. When all the research was completed and analyzed. the findings were that if mental wellness substance maltreatment professionals and gastroenterologists appropriately work together. the use of antiviral therapy for HCV can be efficaciously and safely expanded to disfavor populations. Doctors may urge antiviral medical specialty if the disease is serious plenty. Soon. there is besides on-going research taking topographic point to develop better drugs. without the side-effects. Hepatitis C may last a life-time. hence populating a healthy life style is an of import portion of intervention ( silent persons. com ) . Eating and exerting right is important for experiencing your be st. Avoiding intoxicant. illegal drugs and other medical specialties that will impact your liver in a negative manner is besides critical to forestall farther injury to the liver. Hepatitis is an ongoing disease that affects and kills 1000000s of people every twelvemonth. It is imperative that we. as a society halt this killing virus. Being informed is the best manner to halt this virus from turning. If everyone is cognizant and informed about the subject. the dream may come true. the dream where we live in a hepatitis-free universe. Mentions: Geppert. C. . Arora. S. 2005. Ethical issues in the intervention of hepatitis C. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology: the official clinical pattern diary of the American Gastroenterological Association: 3. 937-44. Hepatitis B narrative. ( 2003 ) . Retrieved May 8. 2009 from Beyond Discovery. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. beyonddiscovery. org/content/view. article. asp? a=265 Hepatitis. diseases and conditions. ( 2008 ) . Retrieved May 8. 2009 from Health Canada. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. hc-sc. gigahertz. ca/dc-ma/hep/index-eng. php # hep_a Hepatitis wellness centre. ( 2008 ) . Retrieved May 8. 2009 from WebMD. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. webmd. com/hepatitis/default. htm Hepatitis. ( n. d. ) . Retrieved May 8. 2009 from Wikipedia: hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Hepatitis Declaiming the Hepatitis ABCs. ( 2007 ) . Retrieved May 8. 2009 from Dummies. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. silent persons. com/how-to/content/reciting-the-hepatitis-abcs. hypertext markup language

Company Analysis HSBC

Executive Summary HSBC Bank is one of the largest banks in the world, and the largest foreign bank operating in Canada. The bank has been pursuing entry into the Kenyan economy, an economy which is characteristic with unskilled and semi-skilled labor, like all other developing economies. The Kenyan authorities have been exercising caution, avoiding harm on the people, the economy and the available resources.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Company Analysis HSBC specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company’s characteristics, which will favor its entry into the Kenyan banking industry, include its promotion of trade links between different economies, its identification with host economies, and its efforts to foster the development of modern banking and finance services. The bank will also be favored by its reconstructive strategies, its favorable entry strategies, and the strategies of identifying and addre ssing the financial needs of marginalized groups. These characteristics will favor the minister’s verdict, regarding allowing the company to enter the Kenyan economy. Introduction The HSBC Bank of Canada is a bank operating in Canada, as a part of the expansive British banking company, HSBC, which is among the world’s largest banking groups. HSBC is the seventh principal banking company in Canada, running outlets in all Canadian provinces, except Prince Edward. The bank is the largest foreign owned banking company within the country, with its corporate headquarters at the financial hub of Vancouver, British Columbia. The company has been pursuing entry into the Kenyan market, an economy which is characteristic with unskilled and semi-skilled labor force. The Kenyan government has also been pushing to nurture an industrial base, which will help offer employment opportunities and aid in raising the living standards of the Kenyan people. The Kenyan government has also bee n practicing caution, by not allowing foreign and local companies to set up economic ventures, which are likely to harm the country’s economic base, the country’s people or the available resources. This paper is an explicative report written to the Minister, explaining the company, and discussing how its entry strategy and venture approaches will be favorable to the Kenyan economy. The report will show how the company is a favorable candidate to venture into the Kenyan economy, as it is a candidate not likely to affect the economy negatively.1Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Discussion Since its 1865 inception, the company has been financing trade between China and Europe. The bank’s inception was also based on the substantial demand for local banking services, both at Hong Kong and the China coastal trade lines. Throughout the 19th century, the bank ex panded its operations into China, the Indian subcontinent, South East Asia, North America, Japan and Europe, pioneering modern banking services and trade finance. As a result of the diversity of the economy, the bank started diversifying its business through mergers, amalgamations and alliances. The strategic approaches of the bank, also include banking on marginalized groups, which are often not addressed by mainstream banking, including women and the youth, who may not own assets to present as security for credit. The bank further identifies with the areas and the markets it is operating at. T he 1990s saw the consolidation of different businesses into the company, including the joint venture, for example, the formation of the Wells Fargo HSBC trade bank in 1995. In 1997, a new auxiliary Banco HSBC Bamerindus was created in Brazil. In 1999, the bank signed an M.O.U with the Korean government, towards the acquisition of a controlling stake in Seoul Bank, a major commercial bank in Korea.2 From a detailed analysis of the Kenyan economy, it was clear that the economy identified with a number of characteristics, all associated to developing economies. These include low standards of education, poor health care, unemployment, poverty and limited access to resources and infrastructure, like safe water. From evaluating the entry strategies of HSBC, the bank will help eliminate these weaknesses of the economy in a number of ways. The company’s strategies, since its inception, were based on fostering international trade, which helps eliminate the economic imbalances within the Kenyan economy. This is the case, as by promoting the development of international trade through financing export and import trade, the company will aid in the creation of employment as well as reduce the poverty levels registered among the country’s citizens. From the historical track record of the company, it has focused its operations around the major areas of demand, in offerin g banking services.3Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Company Analysis HSBC specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Throughout the 19th century, the company registered a track record of fostering the up-take of modern banking and trade finance services, which can be very helpful to any economy, based on the benefits drawn from adopting modern banking models and trade financing. For example, the bank has been fostering the uptake of more flexible, convenient and effective banking models, which can be accessed at any time, when banking customers need such services. From entry into the Kenyan economy, the bank will offer models that are likely to foster the flexibility of access to banking services and banked finances, these including the creation of 24/7 banking models.4 From the track record of the bank, it has engaged in the reconstruction of economies like that of the Hong Kong economy, which it rebuilt after the Seco nd World War. The bank did that by identifying areas of financial need and development insufficiencies. From venturing in the developing economy, the bank will aid in development, through identifying areas of financial need and development, including unemployment and poverty, which can be addressed through the creation of finance access platforms and capacity building. From this company’s strategy and economy entry model, the company will be able to identify areas of financial need and development insufficiencies.5 The company’s reputation can also be identified in its ability to revise strategy and strategic diversity, for example, its shift to expanding its operations in other countries through alliances, mergers, amalgamations and acquisitions. From the usage of such strategies, the company stands the chance of not threatening the banks, already operational within the developing economy. As a result, it will not harm or threaten local companies, and the peopleâ€⠄¢s welfare, which relies on the employment from such companies.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company will also not affect the resources of the nation, through capitalizing on established and accepted means of resource exhaustion.6 From the historical record of the bank, it also banks on marginalized groups, these including women and youths, who are more vulnerable to economic constraints and the lack of access to credit facilities. The bank achieves this through employing its wide range of personal finance packages, which will offer employment and income creation opportunities for these groups. As a result, it fosters economic development from their contribution, thus the realization of a faster economic development. As a result, this will be advantageous to the development of the entire economy, that of the people as well as the Kenyan resource base, which will be very advantageous to the entire economy. From this strategy, the company will help in building trade capacity, which will help the workers as well as the companies operating within the Kenyan economy, realize the full advantages of local and international trade opportunities. From such a model, there will be the establishment of reciprocal trade agreements between the different areas where the company is operating in, which will help the Kenyan economy as well as the workers, draw from the system. Based on the company’s recognition of un-identified groups, the elimination of poverty and unemployment will be fostered, thus should be allowed entry into the Kenyan economy.7 Bibliography Berger, Allen, and Robert DeYoung. â€Å"The effects of geographic expansion on bank efficiency.† Federal Reserve Board Finance and Economics 2 (2001): 3-5. Berger, Allen et al. â€Å"The consolidation of the financial services industry: causes, consequences and implications for the future.† Journal of Banking and Finance 23. 2 (1999): 135-94. Berger, Allen et al. â€Å"The efficiency of financial institutions: a review and preview of research past, present and future.† Journal o f Banking and Finance 17. 2 (1993): 221-249. King, Frank. The History of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987. Mauro, Guillà ©n. Multinationals, Ideology, and Organized Labor. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2003. Muirhead, Stuart. Crisis Banking in the East: The History of the Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, London and China, 1853-93. New York: Scolar Press, 1996. Sullivan, Arthur, and Steven Sheffrin. Economics: Principles in Action. New Jersey: Upper Saddle River, 2003. Footnotes 1 Frank King, The History of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 25. 2 Stuart Muirhead, Crisis Banking in the East: The History of the Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, London and China, 1853-93 (London: Scolar Press, 1996), 34. 3 Arthur Sullivan and Steven Sheffrin, Economics: Principles in Action (New Jersey: Upper Saddle River, 2003), 471. 4 Guillà ©n Mauro, Multinationals, Id eology, and Organized Labor (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2003), 123. 5 Allen Berger et al., â€Å"The consolidation of the financial services industry: causes, consequences and implications for the future,† Journal of Banking and Finance 23. 2 (1999): 135-94. 6 Allen Berger et al., â€Å"The efficiency of financial institutions: a review and preview of research past, present and future,† Journal of Banking and Finance 17. 2 (1993): 221-249. 7 Allen Berger and Robert DeYoung, â€Å"The effects of geographic expansion on bank efficiency,† Federal Reserve Board Finance and Economics 2 (2001): 3-5. This report on Company Analysis HSBC was written and submitted by user Brandon Goff to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Albert Bandura Essays

Albert Bandura Essays Albert Bandura Paper Albert Bandura Paper Writing Assignment #1 Bandura, Ross, Ross (1961). Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models In 1961, Bandura, D. Ross, and S. Ross conducted an experiment on 72 pre-school children to examine and explore the â€Å"Social Learning† theory. The Social Learning theory suggests that human behavior is observationally learned through modeling: from observing others, one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed. They predicted that subjects Method: Design: The participants were chosen by opportunity sampling from Stanford University Nursery School. Participants consisted of 36 boys and 36 girls, and two adults, a male and a female, both being a role model. The participants were divided into eight experimental groups of six subjects each and a control group consisting of 24 children. Half of the experimental participants viewed aggressive models, while the other half were shown nonaggressive models. These groups were then further divided into male and female subjects, and half of the children in the aggressive and non-aggressive groups observed same-sexed models, while the other half observed opposite sex models. The control group was not exposed to any adult models The subjects were assessed on four five-point rating scales by the experimenter and a school teacher. These assessments measured the extent to which the children demonstrated verbal aggression, physical aggression, aggression toward intimate objects, and aggressive inhibition. Procedure: Subjects were individually brought to the experimental room and were escorted to one corner of the room, which was their play area. After seating the child at a small table, the experimenter explained how subjects could construct and design pictures with potato prints and picture stickers. The model on the other hand was brought to the opposite corner of the room which consisted of a small chair, table, mallet, tinker toy set, and a 5-foot inflated Bobo doll. The experimenter explained to the model that the materials provided was for him/her to play with. With participants in the aggressive condition, the model assembled the tinker toys and portrayed acts of aggression towards the Bobo doll; the model continuously punched the Bobo doll, used a mallet to hit the Bobo doll’s head, and tossed it up the air and kicked it. Furthermore, the model interspersed with verbally aggressive comments such as, â€Å"Kick him†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"Throw him in the air. † Conversely, with subjects in the non-aggressive condition, the model assembled the tinker toys in a silent passive manner, and completely disregarding the Bobo doll. Moreover, the model made non-aggressive comments such as, â€Å"He sure is a tough fella,† and â€Å"He keeps coming back for more. † After 10 minutes, the experimenter informed the subject that he would now be brought to another game room. The subjects were then taken into another room filled with interesting toys, some of an aggressive type such as, a 3-foot Bobo doll, a mallet and a peg board, and some nonaggressive such as, a tea set, crayons, and coloring paper, a ball, and plastic farm animals. The subjects were observed through a one-way mirror, and behaviors such as, physical aggression, verbal aggression, and the number of times the mallet was used to strike the Bobo doll was assessed. Results: Confounds within study: There are minimal confounding variables within the experiment as Bandura, Ross, and Ross used a laboratory experiment method to conduct their esearch. The utilization of a laboratory experiment method allowed the experimenters to standardize conditions for all the subjects and acquire greater control of extraneous variables, which therefore led to a stronger internal validity. Internal validity is the degree to which an observed effect is due to the experimental manipulation rather than other fact ors such as extraneous variables. Some possible confounding variables were avoided and controlled. Firstly, the individual differences were controlled by ensuring subjects were rated for aggression prior to the study. This eliminates a possible extraneous factor – individual differences in aggression. Secondly, the subjects within the control and experimental groups were matched for aggressiveness to ensure equal compositions of the groups. As a result, the data could not be affected by pre-existing levels of aggression; therefore, causal relationships can be made. Furthermore, all the subjects were slightly frustrated before illustrating aggressive behavior. The subjects were allowed to play with the attractive toys for a few minutes until they were told by the experimenter that the toys were for other the other children. Hence, the increase in their emotional stimulation was approximately equal, before they were given an opportunity to be aggressive. Lastly, the experimenter rated the aggressive levels of the participants with a nursery school teacher that was well acquainted with children. This decreased the chances of subjectivity. Although most of the extraneous and confounding variables were taken into consideration, there are some confounding variables that may have skewed the results. Since there is high control in a laboratory experiment, there is the possibility of this leading to a contrived situation, and, a loss of real-life validity. As a result, the issue of demand characteristic may have occurred. A demand characteristic is when participants are aware of the experimenter’s expectation and how they are predicted to behave. Hence, participants would alter their behavior to fit the experimenter’s expectation, which would result in unrepresentative and invalid findings. The children might have been aware of what was expected of them; one of the participants said â€Å"Look Mummy, there’s the doll we have to hit† Noble (1975). Importance of the study to the field: Albert Bandura’s success in his experiment has allowed him to prove and verify the Social Learning theory. The Social Learning theory or observational learning is now widely accepted as a useful theory in the field of psychology; it can be used to shape desired and acceptable behaviors and eliminate unwanted attitudes. Some complex behaviors such as, language, would probably never be learnt and developed unless children were exposed to people who modeled them. Observational learning enables children to garner many responses and behaviors in a large variety of settings where the models are performing their daily activities and routines. Some examples of observational learning would be observing parents read and write, parent’s attitude and response toward a certain scenario, moral behavior, and ethical decisions. Furthermore, Bandura has also developed a therapy called ‘’modeling therapy,† which is derived from observational learning. The modeling therapy highlights the importance of learning through observation of role models, and learning about rewards and punishment that follow behavior. The therapy has been proven and is used to eradicate unwanted behaviors, phobias, and anxiety disorders. Bandura’s Social learning Theory is also applied for educational purposes. Educators have learned that observational learning is an effective teaching tool. Observational learning processes â€Å"greatly influence children’s coping with conflict, frustration, academic stressors, and failure† (Zimmerman Schunk, 2003, p. 442). With knowledge of observational learning, they are able to be conscious and aware of their actions, being discreet and certain that they are portraying a morally correct behavior to their students. Traditional behaviorists believed that all organisms learned in the same way; all behavior is learned through the environment, and this was explained through operant and classical conditioning. In short, the learning perspective was limited to these techniques. The discovery and verification of the Social Learning theory has contributed towards the overall shift of the learning perspective to incorporate cognitive and social processes; it demonstrates that learning was not simply based on a set of stimulus-response associations. Furthermore, the social learning theory reaches into the cognitive perspective’s realm, allowing development for more effective techniques. The theory can be seen as a bridge between the learning perspective and the cognitive perspective, as it incorporates attention and memory.

Coursework Management (Discussion Questions) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management (Discussion Questions) - Coursework Example The Mexican American Residents in Texas became U.S citizens following the precedent in Hernandez case. They were not initially treated as equals of Anglo citizens. 4. The Anglos, who settled in Texas, held stereotypes about the Mexican-Americans. They called them ‘wetback,' ‘greasers,' and ‘pepper belly.' They viewed them as being illegal with prejudices emanating from racial backgrounds. 5. The segregation of the Mexican Americans differed with that of the African-Americans in the African Americans were recognized by the law while the Mexican Americans were not. African Americans could, therefore, be represented on a jury while Mexican Americans could not. 6. About 750,000 Mexican American men served in the World War II. Their experience in the war changes the Mexican American view of themselves in that they saw themselves as people with a unique identity. As a result, they developed patriotism through which they fought for their rights. 7. The scandal concerning Private Felix Longoria pertains to the discovery of the remains of his body in Philippines where he had been killed on a volunteer mission during the World War II. The director of the funeral home where the remains of Felix was to be buried refused access to the chapel because previous disturbances by the Mexican Americans. That symbolized racial segregation. The controversy was ended through a committee of the members of Texas House of Representatives that investigated the matter.

Demings point Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Demings point - Essay Example Result orientation focuses on the output of the process. Result orientation focuses on the quality and quantity of the output. In the workplace, it includes having a setup list that is used to determine if the goals of the process have been achieved. For example, in factory, the management is supposed to make sure all the departments are taken care of. The departments, which include manufacturing, sales, processing, human resource and the finance department, should be well coordinated so that whole process smooth. A neglect of any one department can lead to the collapse of the whole system or the whole system being inefficient. A firm should have a good relationship with its customers, community and the employees themselves. A good relationship with the community is reached when the firm has a social responsibility programme that benefits the community. The programmes may include funding community projects,organizing trade fairs that educate them and giving the locals a priority during hiring of employees. A good working relationship enhances the firms image; hence boosting its